英文导游-带团实操 建筑构件通关秘籍

今天我们要讲的是建筑构件，小伙伴们要认真学习哦~无论是砖雕、石雕还是木雕，亦或是建筑物上的附属部件，都可以用到。实操系列不仅能为带团提供知识储备，也适合备考的同学学习，提升考试中的英汉互译能力。

在中国传统艺术的典型主题中，没有战争、暴力、裸体、死亡或殉难的部分。在大多数情况下，中国传统艺术是鼓舞人心的、高尚的、令人耳目一新的，或者至少是迷人的

Among the typical themes of traditional Chinese art there is no place for war, violence, the nude, death, or martyrdom.  For the most part, traditional Chinese art was inspiring, noble , refreshing to the spirit, or at least charming.

古代建筑注重人与自然的和谐相处。在中国古代，人们认为天是圆的，地是方的。在中国古代建筑中，方形和圆形的图案代表着天地之间的和谐。

Ancient Chinese architecture promotes harmony between people and nature.In ancient China, people believed that Heaven is round and Earth is square. In ancient Chinese architecture, square and round designs represent the harmony between Heaven and Earth. 

建筑的屋顶采用飞檐结构。这些建筑看起来轻盈敏捷，它们有助于排水和偏转闪电。

The roofs of buildings feature the flying eaves structure .The buildings look light and agile, They help to drain water and deflect lightning.

单层建筑比多层建筑更能经受地震和暴风的侵袭。用木材建造坚固的多层建筑更加困难。因此，对于富裕的家族、官员和宗室来说，低矮的建筑是中国的首选风格。

One-story buildings survive earthquakes and storm winds better than multistory buildings. It is more difficult to build strong multistory buildings with wood. So for rich clans, officials, and the imperial clans, low buildings were the preferred style in China.

松柏象征着毅力和力量

Pine and cypress symbolize perseverance and strength

莲花象征着纯洁和天真

The lotus symbolizes purity and innocence

兰花象征着高贵和正直

The orchid symbolizes nobleness and integrity

翠竹象征着诚实和谦逊。

Green bamboo symbolizes honesty and humility.

狮子是佛的守护者，象征着勇敢和威严

The lion is the guardian in the Buddha, symbolizing bravery and majesty

蝴蝶被视为长寿和婚姻幸福的象征

Butterflies are used as a symbol both for long life and also for happiness in a marriage

石榴、葡萄象征着多子多福

 Pomegranates and grape imply fertility and fortune in Chinese tradition.

雕刻有生命力较为顽强的动、植物，如松鼠、蜻蜓、葫芦、玉米、花卉等，寓意着生生不息，多子多福。Carved animals and plants with strong vitality, such as squirrels, dragonflies, gourds, corn, flowers, etc., symbolizes endless growth and prosperity.

有时，汉字会被纳入设计中。除了“福”字之外，流行的汉字还包括“寿”（长寿）、“喜”（幸福）和“禄”（财富）Sometimes Chinese characters were incorporated into designs. Along with 'fu' popular characters included 'shou' (longevity), 'xi' (happiness) and 'lu' (wealth)